Autism is commonly associated with boys, leading to a significant under diagnosis in girls and women. This discrepancy arises from differences in how autism presents across genders and how diagnostic criteria have historically been based on male traits. As a result, many autistic girls and women go undiagnosed or receive a diagnosis much later in life, often after years of struggling to fit into societal expectations.
How Autism Presents in Girls and Women
Autism in girls and women often manifests differently than in boys. While core characteristics such as difficulties with social interaction, repetitive behaviors, and sensory sensitivities remain, these traits can be more subtle or masked. Some key differences include:
-
Social Camouflaging: Girls with autism often learn to mimic social behaviors by observing and copying their peers. They may force eye contact, rehearse conversations, or develop scripts for social situations, making their challenges less apparent.
-
Different Special Interests: While autistic boys may have focused interests in topics like trains or technology, girls might develop deep passions for subjects that align more with societal expectations, such as animals, literature, or celebrities.
-
Stronger Desire for Social Connection: Autistic girls may actively seek friendships and become deeply invested in social interactions, even if they find them confusing or overwhelming. This can make their struggles less obvious to teachers and parents.
-
Internalized Struggles: Instead of externalizing frustration through outbursts, autistic girls are more likely to internalize their difficulties, leading to anxiety, depression, or eating disorders.
Why Symptoms Are Often Missed
Several factors contribute to the under diagnosis of autism in girls and women:
-
Diagnostic Bias: Traditional diagnostic criteria were developed based on studies of autistic boys, meaning that characteristics more common in girls have been overlooked.
-
Social Expectations: Society often expects girls to be more socially adept and emotionally aware. When they struggle, their challenges may be misattributed to shyness, anxiety, or personality rather than autism.
-
Late Diagnosis: Many autistic women receive their diagnosis in adulthood after years of being misdiagnosed with conditions like anxiety or borderline personality disorder. The realization often comes after a child or relative is diagnosed, prompting them to recognize the traits in themselves.
The Importance of Recognition
Recognizing autism in girls and women is essential for providing the right support and accommodations. A proper diagnosis can lead to better self-understanding, improved mental health, and access to resources that help navigate daily life. By broadening awareness of how autism manifests differently in females, we can ensure that more autistic girls and women receive the recognition and support they deserve.
If you suspect that you or someone you know may be autistic, seeking an evaluation from a specialist familiar with gender differences in autism can be a crucial step toward self-acceptance and support.
If you are in or are able to travel to New York state, contact us today to schedule an assessment at a date and time that’s convenient for you.